brain size: about 1200-1300 cubic centimeters
intelligence: made stone tools, may have had vocal language
largest group size: 140 (estimate)
other: Homo sapiens Neandertalis (Neandertals) lived at the same time as anatomically modern humans, but died out about 25,000 years ago. Why did we survive instead of them? Scientists aren't sure, but some think that it may have been humans' curiosity and want for adventure. (Some scientists also think that Neandertals may have "merged" (mated) with the anatomically modern humans, and therefore think that we have some Neandertal blood in us.)
Timeline
Ardipithecus | Australopithecus | Homo habilis | Homo erectus | Neandertals | Modern Humans